The central place in the Polish vision of regaining independence in 1918 is occupied by Józef Piłsudski. However, many other politicians, military officers, and social activists made noteworthy contributions to this cause, including the ‘Commander’s’ loyal chief of staff and one of his most important successors: Lieutenant General Kazimierz Sosnkowski. by Tomasz Leszkowicz Born…
The attack on Westerplatte was one of the first acts of armed German aggression against Poland in September 1939. The heroic defence of the peninsula has gone down in history. It was assumed that the resistance would last a few hours. Meanwhile, the Polish garrison defended itself for seven long days… by Daniel Czerwiński …
Although more than seventy years have passed since the end of the Second World War, this topic is still very relevant. Today it comes up, for example, due to the report prepared by Polish authorities on the consequences of the conflict for Poland. What losses did Poland suffer as a result of the war and…
“This means war. From now on, all other matters and issues become of secondary importance”, stated the message broadcast by Polish Radio on the morning of 1 September 1939. “We set our public and private lives on a special track. We have entered war. The entire effort of the nation must go in one direction….
It was not until late July 1944 that the decision had been taken to fight an uprising against the German occupation forces in Warsaw. Prior to that, commanders of the Home Army had no intention of taking military action in Warsaw, wishing to avoid war damage and the suffering of civilians. by Łukasz Wojtach …
The architectural Eldorado lasted a little over 20 years. And this is also how long it waited for recognition in the Third Republic of Poland. The formal and substantial richness, the diversity of solutions, and the pursuit of international trends filtered through the Polish tradition produced a fascinating and inspiring mix. It is echoed in…
