The peace concluded between the Republic of Poland, of the one part, and Soviet Russia and Ukraine, of the other part, brought political order to the territories between the Baltic and Black Seas for 18 and a half years. Eventually, Hitler’s ally Moscow declared it ‘null and void’. by Wojciech Stanisławski Who knows, maybe…
The leftist Polish Socialist Party (Polska Partia Socjalistyczna, PPS) and the nationalistic National Democracy (Narodowa Demokracja) were the two most powerful Polish pro-independence groups established towards the end of the 19th century which continued their political activity in the 20th century. Among the most prominent figures in the first one was Józef Piłsudski (pseudonym “Ziuk”),…
It was truly a masterful plan – starting a war as part of a a bloc of losing countries and ending up as the winner! How did Józef Piłsudski manage to do this? Wojciech Roszkowski talks about it in his book. Master game traces the birth of a free country that was erased from the…
The book Master game. Józef Piłsudski and the Rebirth of Poland by Wojciech Roszkowski has been published recently by the Polish History Museum. The 123-year experience of five Polish generations, with no state of their own under the three partitions, may have been a serious burden. But the huge task of the creation of a…
11 November 1918 is considered the symbolic date on which Poland regained its independence. However, the process of laying down the legal foundations of the reborn state continued for a number of years. One of the main things was to draw up a constitution. As early as February 1919, the single-chamber Legislative Sejm (parliament) elected…
