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The Soviet authorities policy towards the Belarusian population in the north-eastern territories of the Second Polish Republic (Western Belarus) in 1939–1941

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The popular image of the ‘liberation of Western Belarus by the Red Army in September 1939’ was almost completely shaped by Soviet propaganda. Its core element was the image of the unreservedly grateful Belarusian peasants who, owing to the tanks crossing the border, experienced a triple liberation: social, political, and economic. The reality, however, was…

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Polish exiles were encountered with particular hostility

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In Kolyma or in other camps, Poles learned from NKVD officers that the purpose of their work was not punishment but “death”. All the prisoners who managed to survive emphasized that Kolyma was not a punishment, but a process of dying over time, says Sebastian Warlikowski, editor of the collection of memoirs “Nie tylko Kołyma….

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The Temple of Divine Providence: a commitment fulfilled

A vote of gratitude for the Constitution of 3 May 1791
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The Constitution of 3 May 1791: the dawn of a better future

An interview with Professor Richard Butterwick-Pawlikowski
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Henryk Sienkiewicz: A Writer Who Shaped the Imagination of Generations

(5 May 1846 – 15 November 1916)
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The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 1733–1795: Light and Flame

Review of the book by Richard Butterwick