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Note addressed to the Governments of the United Nations by the Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs, Edward Raczyński, regarding German crimes in occupied Poland

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The double attack on Poland by Nazi Germany and the USSR in September 1939 led to the effective dissolution of the Polish state. Although Poland lost its sovereignty, its legal authorities continued to function, organising the Polish armed forces in France and later in Great Britain. Under these circumstances, the primary aim of the Polish…

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Maximilian Maria Kolbe – organizer, monk, and saint

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Maximilian Maria Kolbe is a symbol of faith and sacrifice for many Poles. His decision to sacrifice his life for a fellow prisoner is a heroic example of humanity during inhuman times. by Piotr Abryszeński   As an adult, Maximilian Kolbe recalled that when he was a boy he had experienced a vision of the…

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An image of genocide

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14 June 1940 the first mass transport to the German Concentration Camp in Auschwitz took place. The vast majority of the 728 men were Polish political prisoners. Overall, the group consisted of members of the resistance movement; social and political activists arrested under AB Aktion, Catholic clergy, and a small group of Jews. Every one…

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Auschwitz. A Bitter Taste of Liberation

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The end of Auschwitz came on 27 January 1945. That day, soldiers of the 60th Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front of the Red Army took control of the vast camp area. About seven thousand prisoners, including several hundred children, lived to see liberation in Auschwitz, Birkenau and Monowitz. The majority of the nearly 60,000…

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“Genocide as a Crime under International Law”

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Rafał Lemkin (1900–59) was an outstanding criminal law expert of Polonised-Jewish descent. He graduated from the Faculty of Law at the John Casimir University (Uniwersytet Jana Kazimierza) in Lwów. He contributed to the codification of the Polish penal law, and analysed criminal legislations of the totalitarian regimes of Italy and Soviet Russia. In 1933, he…

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Maria Skłodowska-Curie: The Star Of Radioactivity

(7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934)
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Beautiful minds. Extraordinary mathematicians from Lwów

An interview with Mariusz Urbanek, author of the book Genialni. Lwowska szkoła matematyczna (The Geniuses. Lwów School of Mathematics)
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Marian Małowist and Witold Kula: Polish leading figures of world historiography

Parallel Lives
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The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 1733–1795: Light and Flame

Review of the book by Richard Butterwick