He did not return on a white horse. General Władysław Anders

He was compared to Moses taking his people out of captivity. He commanded the Polish armed forces during the most renowned attack they mounted and after the war he was supposed to return to Poland on a white horse. He was wounded on seven occasions. Deprived of Polish citizenship by communists, he became one of…


Jan Sehn. Poland’s forgotten Nazi hunter

Jan Sehn (1909-1965) was a Polish lawyer and professor at the Jagiellonian University. Shortly after the war, he conducted research at the former Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp and also participated in preparing accusations against several dozen German war criminals who had worked at the camp. Additionally, he published a number of scientific papers on the functioning…


The Katyn Massacre: Its Chronology, Scale, Victims and Unpunished Perpetrators

The ordeal of Polish Army officers, policemen, prison and forest guards, intelligence and counter-intelligence agents as well as Polish administrative staff in the Easter Borderlands began on 17 September 1939. It was then that the Red Army invaded Poland, belatedly implementing the arrangements of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact of 23 August 1939. Soviet captivity awaited around…


The defence of Westerplatte: the first battle of the Second World War

The attack on Westerplatte was one of the first acts of armed German aggression against Poland in September 1939. The heroic defence of the peninsula has gone down in history. It was assumed that the resistance would last a few hours. Meanwhile, the Polish garrison defended itself for seven long days… by Daniel Czerwiński  …



1 September 1939: The beginning of hell

“This means war. From now on, all other matters and issues become of secondary importance”, stated the message broadcast by Polish Radio on the morning of 1 September 1939. “We set our public and private lives on a special track. We have entered war. The entire effort of the nation must go in one direction….


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